Thumela i-imeyile
I-Fastener iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nohlalutyo
Iziqhoboshi, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ngamalungu asemgangathweni kwimarike, zizinto zoomatshini ezinokulungiswa ngoomatshini okanye zidityaniswe kunye ngamacandelo amabini okanye ngaphezulu.
1. Indlela yokuqinisa iibholithi kunye namantongomane
Unxibelelwano olunemisonto kunyeiibholiti kunye namantongomanezezona zixhaphakileyo kwi-fastener izicelo, kwaye ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla oqhagamshelwano, amantongomane okuzivalela asetyenziswa ngokubanzi, okanye ukutshixa okongeziweyo koomatshini kusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukukhululeka.Ufakelo lwe-fasteners ene-threaded nayo ilula kakhulu, okoko nje kukho i-torque eyaneleyo yokufezekisa amandla okuqinisa kwangaphambili kwi-interface, kodwa kusekho abantu abaninzi abangaqinisekanga ukuba baqinise nge-nut okanye i-bolt head.
(1) Ngaba itorque kufuneka ifakwe kwintloko yebhawudi okanye kwinati xa kuqiniswa?
(2) faka i-torque kwintloko yebholithi okanye i-nut, nokuba ezi zimbini ziziphumo ezifanayo?
Akukho mpendulo echanekileyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko kuyamkeleka ngokugqibeleleyo ukuqinisa intloko ye-bolt ngelixa ubambe i-nut endaweni. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye izicelo, ukuqinisa i-nut yiyona ndlela kuphela enokwenzeka yokumisela ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo (iprojection bolt okanye i-projection nut), isakhiwo semveliso ngokwayo, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kunye neemeko zokufakela.
1, ukulungelelaniswa kokuphazamiseka
Kwimingxuma yokuphazamiseka, i-torque kufuneka ifakwe kwi-nut yokufakela.
2, intloko yebholiti kunye ne nut zinemilo eyahlukeneyo kunye nobubanzi
Xa intloko yebholithi kunye namantongomane anemilo eyahlukileyo (efana nehexagon head bolt ene square nut) okanye iidiameters ezihluke kakhulu, kungcono ukufaka i-torque kwicala elincinci lomphezulu wokuthwala.Umzekelo, ukuba intloko yebholiti incinci kune-nut, i-torque kufuneka ifakwe kwintloko yebholithi.Inokuqondwa ngokulula njengamandla amancinci kunye nomthamo omkhulu.
3. Izinto ezahlukeneyo
Xa izinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zibotshwe kunye, kungcono ukusebenzisa amandla okuqinisa kwizinto ezinomlinganiso ophantsi wokukhuhlana, oko kukuthi, ukuqina kwe-torque kwicala elinokuvelisa ukukhuhlana okuncinci.
4, isicelo sebholiti ende
Xa i-torque isetyenziswe kwintloko yebholithi ende kakhulu, ingxaki yokuguquka kwe-torsional ilula kakhulu ukwenzeka, ngoko ke ukusebenzisa i-torque kwi-nut kule meko kuya kunceda ukuphepha le ngxaki.
Kukho isicelo esinjalo sokuba i-nut i-nut ene-flange, kodwa intloko ye-bolt ayikho, oko kukuthi, i-radius ye-friction kwelinye icala le-nut inkulu kunoko kwicala lentloko ye-bolt.
Ukuba i-torque yokuqinisa inqunywe xa i-nut imele iqiniswe, ngoko ke ingxaki yomthwalo ogqithisiweyo inokuthi yenzeke ukuba intloko ye-bolt iqiniswe ngokusebenzisa loo torque.Ngokuqhelekileyo, phantse isiqingatha setorque siyafuneka ukoyisa ukukhuhlana phantsi komphezulu wokuqina, ngoko ke iradiyasi encinci yokukhuhlana iya kubangela ukuba i-torque eninzi ingene kumdibaniso odityanisiweyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela ibangele iingxaki zokuqina.
Ngokuchaseneyo, sicinga ukuba i-torque izimisele ngokungqinelana nokuqiniswa kwentloko yebholithi, ukuba i-nut igxininiswe, oko kukuthi, i-torque isetyenziswe kwicala kunye ne-friction radius enkulu, eya kubangela ukulayishwa kwangaphambili okwaneleyo ekudibaneni kwentambo yokufaka, kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ezikhululekile.
Kutheni usebenzisa iiwasha?
(1) Ukuba isiseko sithambile kakhulu, umphezulu wesiseko sepleyiti uya konakaliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokukrolwa kwibholiti okanye isikrufu.Ngokusebenzisa i-washers, olu xinzelelo lwe-extrusion lunokusasazwa kwindawo enkulu, ukuphepha umonakalo kumphezulu wepleyiti yomama.
(2) Ukuba isiseko sithambile kakhulu, kwaye umngxuma ojikeleze isibophelelo sofakelo sonakalisiwe, ngoko ke ingxaki yokutsalwa-ngokusilela inokwenzeka ngexesha lokukrolwa kwe-fastener, kuba kwiimeko ezininzi, amandla asetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuqinisa anele ukutsala isibophelelo ngepleyiti yomzali wezinto, kwaye ubukho bewasha bunceda ukuvelisa uxinzelelo oluncinci lokuqokelela.
(3) Xa ibholithi okanye isijija kumphezulu wepleyiti yomama ayigudi, ithe tyaba, intloko yesiqhoboshi kusenokwenzeka ukuba ixinge, ngokusetyenziswa kweewasha, unokuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu webholithi okanye isikrufu isilayidi kwaye wenze ufakelo lube lula.
(4) Abanye abahlambi banoyilo olukhethekileyo lwesakhiwo, ukwenzela ukuba babe nomsebenzi wokuthintela ukukhulula i-nut.Sidla ngokubiza olu hlobo lwewasha ngokuba yiwasha yokutshixa, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeefom zesakhiwo, umlomo ovulekileyo, inkwenkwezi kunye namaza, njalo njalo.Olu hlobo lwewasha yokutshixa kufuneka lusetyenziswe kunye ne nut.
Kuyabonakala ukuba ukongeza kwi-washer yokutshixa eyenzelwe ngokukodwa, i-washer eseleyo ininzi yokusabalalisa umthwalo phantsi kwentloko ye-bolt kunye nobuso be-nut, oko kukuthi, i-washer idlala indima yokusabalalisa umthwalo wesakhiwo soqhagamshelwano.
Isizathu sokuba kutheni i-fasteners ene-threaded ekhululekile emva kofakelo ibangelwa ubukhulu becala ngumthwalo onqamlezileyo, kuba iya kubangela ukuba umdibaniso utyibilike, ngoko sihlala sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokulayisha kwangaphambili, ukulayisha kwangaphambili okwaneleyo kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ingxaki yesilayidi esihambelanayo somdibaniso, kwaye ke ukuphepha ukwenzeka kokukhululeka.Nangona kunjalo, ukufakwa kweefasteners ezinentambo, ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukulayishwa kwangaphambili ngumba obaluleke kakhulu, nokuba iinkcukacha zentambo kunye nezixhobo zokufakela azitshintshanga, abaqhubi abahlukeneyo banokubangela ingxaki yokungalayishwa kwangaphambili.
Ukongeza, asikwazi ngoyaba ukuba xa iwasha ifakiwe, iwasha ayigcinwanga, inokujikelezwa ecaleni kwe-axis ye-fastener ene-threaded, kwaye oku kuya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo i-torque yegalelo, kwaye emva koko kuchaphazele amandla okulayisha kwangaphambili.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kwe-flange fasteners kuye kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe, kuba i-flange nayo inamandla okusasaza ngokufanelekileyo amandla omthwalo, kunye nokuphelisa ingxaki yokujikeleza ekhankanywe ngasentla, ngoko ke izibophelelo ze-flange ziya kuthatha indawo yokusetyenziswa kweegaskets.
3. Indima yokulayisha kwangaphambili
Xa ukhetha iibhawudi kunye namantongomaneuxhulumaniso, kufuneka usebenzise amandla e-torsion ukufezekisa ukutshixa ngesixhobo se-torque okanye i-wrench ye-manual, kwaye i-torque ekugqibeleni iya kuguqulwa ibe yi-preload efunekayo yinxalenye yoqhagamshelo, amandla athile okulayishwa kwangaphambili anokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuxhathisa okuhlangeneyo kwi-vibration kukhulula kunye nokudinwa, kwizicelo ezininzi, phezulu ukulayisha kwangaphambili, kungcono.
Uchaza njani ukulayisha kwangaphambili?Xa uqinisa ibholithi okanye i-nut, kukho ukuxinana phakathi kwentloko yebholiti kunye nentloko ye-nut. Kanye njengaxa usolula intwasahlobo, intwasahlobo isoloko izama ukubuyela kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo. Ibholithi eyoluliweyo iphinda izame ukubuyela kubude bayo bokuqala ukukhulula uxinzelelo, ngoko ke kukho uxinzelelo okanye amandla oxinzelelo, atsala ibholiti kunye ne nut enye kwenye.Kwaye ke yibambe ngokudibeneyo.
4. Shwankathela
Ngokusebenzisa isingeniso esingentla, siyaqonda ukuba i-torque kufuneka isetyenziswe kwintloko ye-bolt okanye i-nut xa iqiniswa kunye nemeko ehambelanayo, indima ye-washer kunye nokuphuhliswa kwe-flange fastener, indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okuqinisa kwangaphambili afunekayo ukufakela.