Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nenkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa kweebholiti zamandla aphezulu zihlalutywa ngokupheleleyo

1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo: ukulungelelaniswa kabini komsebenzi kunye nomboniso

Undoqo weibholithi yamandla aphezuluukusebenza kulele ekuphuculeni intsebenziswano yokukhethwa kwezinto kunye nenkqubo yonyango lokushisa.Ezi zilandelayo zizisombululo zokukhetha izinto eziphambili kunye namanqaku obugcisa boshishino:

1. Intsimbi ye-carbon alloy ephakathi: ukhetho lokuqala lwamandla aphezulu

o Ibakala eliqhelekileyo: 42CrMo, 35CrMoA, 40Cr kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuqina okuphezulu kunye nesakhono sokuqina sokuqina, ibe lukhetho lwe-10.9 kunye ne-12.9 iibholiti zeklasi, ezilungele amandla omoya, amandla enyukliya kunye nezinye iimeko zomthwalo onzima.

o Iimfuno zobunzima: Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba ngaphezu kwe-90% yecandelo elicinyiweyo liyisakhiwo se-martensitic, ukuphepha ukwakheka kwe-non-martensitic entliziyweni ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwamandla.Ngokomzekelo, iibhotshi ze-M48-M64 ezenziwe ngentsimbi ye-42CrMoA zinokudibana nesalathisi sokusebenza kwe-10.9 ngokucima kwi-840-860 ℃ kunye nokufudumala kwi-540 ℃.

2. Intsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon alloy: zombini amandla kunye nokuchasana nokulibaziseka ukuphuka

o imele izinto eziphathekayo: I-20MnTiB, i-35VB, njl. ifanelekile kwiibholithi zeklasi ze-10.9 ngaphantsi kwe-M24, kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus ophantsi kunye nokuhlanjululwa komda weenkozo eziphezulu kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulibaziseka ukuphuka.

3. Insimbi engenasici: Isisombululo seendawo ezikhethekileyo

o I-Austenitic insimbi engenasici (efana ne-304, i-316) enokumelana nokubola, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kubunjineli baseLwandle kunye nezixhobo zekhemikhali;I-Martensitic steel stainless (efana ne-410) iyancipha ukufezekisa iimfuno zamandla aphezulu.

4. Ulawulo lwentlangano yezinto eziphathekayo

o spherodizing annealing pretreatment: medium carbon steel annealing kufuneka isothermal annealing at 700℃ ukuguqula flake pearlite ibe yibhola, iphucule iplastikhi yesihloko esibandayo (deformation rate ukuya kuma 60% -80%), kwaye unqande ukuqhekeka kwentloko ebandayo.

2. inkqubo yonyango lokushisa: ibhalansi echanekileyo yamandla kunye nokuqina

Unyango lobushushu likhonkco eliphambili lokumisela ukusebenza kweiibholiti, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukufezekisa uphuculo olubanzi lweepropathi zoomatshini ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye "quenching + tempering".

1. Inkqubo yokufunxa i-Spheroidizing

o Iiparamitha zenkqubo: intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi ipholiswa kancinci emva kokufudumeza kufutshane nendawo ebalulekileyo (700 ℃);Medium carbon alloy steel isothermal spheroidization annealing (AC1+20-30℃ ukufudumeza, 700℃ isothermal) ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwesakhiwo.

2. Ukuphelisa inkqubo yokuphucula

o Ulawulo lobushushu: Uluhlu lokucima ubushushu obuphakathi kwentsimbi ye-carbon alloy yi-840-870 ℃, njengentsimbi ye-42CrMoA esebenzisa i-850-870 ℃ yokufudumeza inokucoca ingqolowa kwaye iphucule ubunzulu bomgca wokucima.

o Ukukhetha okuphakathi kokupholisa: ukucima ioli (L-AN10~L-AN32) sisisombululo esiphambili, kuthathelwa ingqalelo isantya sokupholisa kunye nokulawula ukuguqulwa;Iibholiti ezinkulu (ezifana ne-M30 nangaphezulu) zicinywa nge-PAG isisombululo samanzi ukuphepha ukucima iintanda.

3. Inkqubo yokuthoba innovation

o Iqondo lokushisa elihambelanayo: ukushisa kwe-42CrMo yentsimbi kufuneka ilawulwe kwi-500-540 ℃, engakwaziyo ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lokucima, kodwa nokugcina ukulingana phakathi kwamandla obunzima (≥950MPa) kunye nokunciphisa icandelo (≥44%).

o Uthintelo kunye nolawulo lokonakala: Kwiibholiti zeklasi ze-12.9, ukupholisa kwamanzi okanye ukupholisa kwe-oyile kusetyenziselwa ukudlula ngokukhawuleza i-370-560 ℃ indawo epholileyo yokufudumala ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqina kwempembelelo kuhambelana nomgangatho.

4. Uvavanyo kunye nolawulo lomgangatho

o Iimpawu eziphambili: ubunzima (32-38HRC), amandla okuqina (≥1040MPa), ubude emva kokuphuka (≥8%) kunye nesakhiwo se-metallographic (i-sorbite enomsindo + i-trace ferrite) kufuneka ihlolwe ngokungqongqo.

o Ukuphepha isiphene: ukuphelisa umaleko we-phosphorus polarization (umthombo obandayo kunye ne-brittle) kunye ne-decarburization layer (eyona nto ibangela ubulukhuni obunganelanga), kwaye ufezekise umphezulu "zero oxidation" ngokuqhubekayo i-mesh ibhanti yokukhusela umoya wokukhusela umoya.

3. amanqaku eentlungu zeshishini kunye nokuphumelela kwendawo

1. Umqobo wobugcisa

o Iibholiti zeklasi ze-12.9 zithembele ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe: ngenxa yokungonelanga kwezinto ezihlambulukileyo (i-P ephezulu, umxholo we-S) kunye nenkqubo yokufudumala engazinzanga, iimveliso zasekhaya zine-gap kwimpembelelo yokuqina kunye nokulibaziseka ukuxhathisa ukuphuka xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

2. Inkqubela phambili yendawo

o Inkcazo enkulu yokuqhambuka kwebholithi: Ngokulungiselela ubushushu bokucima (850-870 ℃) kunye neeparamitha zobushushu (500℃×180min) yentsimbi ye-35CrMoA, amashishini afana neShuihui Jiangtianbao Industrial aqonda ukuveliswa kobuninzi be-M30-M36 bolts 10.9.

o Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo: Yazisa umoya olawulwayo oqhubekayo umgca wonyango lokushisa, ulawule ngokuchanekileyo ubunzulu bomgangatho we-decarburization (≤0.02mm), kwaye uphucule ukuhambelana kwemveliso.

4. ikamva trend: obukrelekrele kunye eliphezulu-ukusebenza drive-amavili amabini

Ngophuculo lweemfuno zokusebenza kwebholithi kwicandelo lezixhobo zamandla amatsha kunye ne-aerospace, ishishini liyakhawulezisa ukuvela kwalo kumacala amabini:

• Ubukrelekrele benkqubo: inkqubo yokubeka iliso yexesha langempela leeparamitha zonyango olushushu olusekelwe kwi-Intanethi yeZinto ukuphumeza ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobunzima bokuguquguquka koluhlu ≤2HRC;

• Izinto eziphakamileyo eziphezulu: Ukuphuhliswa kwe-alloy ephantsi ye-ultra-high-high-power steel steel (efana ne-40CrNiMoA), umsebenzi wempembelelo ekujoliswe kuyo ≥60J (-40 ℃), ukukhuthaza i-localization epheleleyo ye-12.9 bolts.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye nokuphathwa kobushushuiibholiti eziphezuluyi "iteknoloji intshatsheli efihliweyo" kwinkalo yokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, efuna inkqubo yenzululwazi kunye noyilo olungqongqo, kodwa ixhomekeke kwinguqulelo entsha yentsebenziswano yonke ikhonkco lezinto, izixhobo kunye novavanyo.Ngokuqhubeleka okuqhubekayo kwamashishini asekhaya kwinkqubo engundoqo, "iibhotshi eziphezulu zamandla" ezenziwe e-China zisuka "ezisebenzisekayo" ukuya "kulula ukuyisebenzisa" kwaye "zihlala ixesha elide", zinika isiqinisekiso esiqinileyo sokuzimela kwezixhobo eziphezulu.